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29th International Liège Colloquium on Ocean Hydrodynamics
Marine turbulence revisited
Liège, May 5-9 1997
Almost twenty years after the 11th Liège Colloquium on "Turbulence
in the ocean. From the millimeter to the megameter" and ten years after
the 19th Colloquium on "Small-scale turbulence and mixing in the ocean",
it seems appropriate to devote again one of the Liège Colloquia to the
subject of marine turbulence.
In the last decade, with in particular the development of sophisticated new
techniques of measurements, substantial progresses have been made in understanding
marine turbulence while, in the same time, uncovering more of its complexity.
The development of 3D turbulent closure mathematical models, extended from
hydrodynamics to include the dynamics of ecosystems, has emphasized the role
of turbulence as one of the cogent driving mechanisms of most of the physical
processes deeply affecting the distribution and evolution of biological populations.
A good parameterization of the effects of turbulence in such models can only be
achieved via a continuously improved knowledge of the nature and characteristics
of turbulence in the various conditions of the intricated marine environment.
Turbulence in the lower mesoscale range (motion with relative vorticity approaching
the Coriolis frequency) has an important effect on the distribution of biological
population, the formation or dispersion of patches and such biological factors as
the availability of food, the encounter rates between preys and predators...
Small-scale turbulence directly influences behavioural functions of marine organisms
(techniques of feeding, perception of signals, reproduction...) and its presence or
its absence is often a selecting factor between species.
It is hoped that revisiting marine turbulence at the 29th International Liège
Colloquium on Ocean Hydrodynamics will provide an opportunity to
- bring up to date, as much as possible, our understanding of marine turbulence
and in particular lower mesoscale turbulence which was not adequately covered in
our preceding meetings but has been the object of much interest since then and
small-scale turbulence very near the sea surface where the role of wave breaking,
bubbles, surface films and Langmuir cells make a rather complex picture one begins
only to comprehend fully;
- bring together scientists from different disciplines to assess what we know
about the effects of turbulence on biological populations at the levels of both
the organisms and the shoals and patches;
- reexamine critically the parameterization of turbulence in 3D turbulent closure
models and the improvements that could be made to such models to provide the most
realistic ecohydrodynamics simulations of the marine environment.
A. Berger, University of Louvain, Belgium.
Michael C. Gregg, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Eric B. Kraus, Pagosa Springs, CO, USA
John L. Lumley, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
Horst Malchow, Osnabrueck Germany
George L. Mellor, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
Jacques C.J. Nihoul (Chairman), University of Liège, Belgium.
Rotislas V. OZMIDOV, P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia
John H. Simpson, University College of North Wales, Gwynedd, UK
Steve A. Thorpe, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
John D. Woods, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK
Hidekatsu Yamazaki, Tokyo University of Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
J.M. Beckers
S. Djenidi (Chairman)
Ch. Winand (Secretary)
Address :
GHER - Modelenvironment
University of Liège
Sart Tilman, B5
B-4000 Liège, Belgium
Phone : +32 4 366 33 50
Fax : +32 4 366 23 55
e-mail : jmb@ocean.oce.ulg.ac.be
The members of the Organizing Committees wish to express their gratitude to the :
- Commission of the European Union
- Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS, Belgium)
- Institut de Recherche Marines et d'interactions Air-mer (IRMA, Belgium)
- Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC)
- International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Ocean (IAPSO)
- Marine Sciences Division (UNESCO)
- Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche scientifique (Belgium)
- National Science Foundation (NSF, USA)
- Office of Naval Research (ONR, USA)
- Scientific Council on Oceanic Research (SCOR, XSU)
- Province de Liège
- Université de Liège
for their valuable assistance in organizing the Colloquium.
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